EXTRACTION AND FORMULATION OF PERFUME FROM LEMONGRASS LEAVES
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
Perfume extraction refers to the extraction of aromatic compounds from raw materials, using methods such as distillation, solvent extraction, expression or enfleurage. The extracts are either essential oils, absolutes, concretes, or butters, depending on the amount of waxes in the extracted product. Heat, chemical solvents, or exposure to oxygen in the extraction process denature the aromatic compounds, either changing their odour, character or rendering them odourless. In this work three methods, solvent extraction, hydro distillation and enfleurage methods were used to extract essential oil from lemongrass. Solvent extraction method yielded 2.08%, enfluerage method yielded 1.96% and hydro distillation methods yielded 0.95% essential oil respectively. From the analysis solvent extraction gave the highest yield because of the less exposure air and heat and this conform the literature value. The extracted essential oil was formulated into perfume using a fixative and carrier solvent.
Related Project Materials
THE ROLE OF CIVIC EDUCATION IN CURBING ELECTORAL MALPRACTICES IN NIGERIA
Background of the Study
Civic education is a vital component of adult education because it equips citiz...
CAUSES OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND ABUSE AGAINST WOMEN AND ITS EFFECTS ON FAMILY RELATIONSHIP IN FOUR SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN NIGERIA
EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY
There is no universally agreed notion of what constitutes violence against women. In other words,...
PROBLEMS OF FRAUD AND THEIR SOLUTIONS IN FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
Abstract
There appears to be little doubt about the fact that frauds in banks are a matter of the great...
THE IMPACT OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS ON VOCATIONAL TRAINING OUTCOMES
ABSTRACT: The Impact of Public-Private Partnerships on Vocational Training Outcomes is an essential area of study for understanding how collab...
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INVENTORY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR WALID HALAL SPICES
ABSTRACT
This thesis portrays the Inventory Management System adequately to decide the possibility and convenience of a completed system....
INNOVATIONS IN COMPETENCY-BASED EDUCATION MODELS IN TECHNICAL FIELDS
ABSTRACT: This study investigates innovations in competency-based education (CBE) models in...
ELECTORAL REFORMS AND DEMOCRATIC SUSTAINABILITY IN NIGERIA (1999 TILL DATE)
ABSTRACT
Since 1999 when civil politics was restored to Nigeria nothing seems to galvanize the nation’s democratic...
HEALTH PROBLEMS RELATED TO INADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY AMONG THE PEOPLE OF MAIDUGURI METROPOLITAN COUNCIL AREA OF BRONO STATE, NIGERIA
Background of the study
Access to adequate water supply is a critical determinant of public health and...
DEMAND FOR HEALTH CARE SERVICES IN NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION
Abstract
This study examines the factors that associated with the decision...
EFFECT OF TAX AUDIT AND INVESTIGATION ON REVENUE GENERATION IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The increase in tax evasion and actual tax revenue collected but not fully remitted to the gov...
